Many oil and gas fields occur within this zone, as shown in figure 3, including the. History of hydrocarbon exploration in the kurdistan region. The weather permitting, several weekend field exercises provide practical experience in preparation for field geology ii 12. Most geologists specialize in at least two fields and must. Fossils gastropod gastropod ammonite echinid trilobite trilobite ammonite ammonite can you identify the fossils. The kirkuk oilfield is located in the zagros fold belt steinshouer and lewan, 2004 and forms a sinuous. Pdf structures of the kirkuk embayment, northern iraq. The formation serves as a reservoir for oil and gas at the east baghdad field, gas at mansuriya, khashim ahmar, pulkhana and chia surkh fields, and oil at. Giant oil and gas fields, in geology of giant petroleum fields.
Many oil and gas fields occur within this zone, as shown in figure 3, including the supergiant kirkuk field. The kar group, a kurdistan based oil services company, operates the field. These include the preparation of geologic maps that show the areal distribution of geologic units selected for representation on the map. Field work was carried out in august october, 2014 to acquire interesting data. Additionally, the sulaimaniya province possesses two large gas fields, chemchemal and kormor. Fossils and ancient lakes pdf a field trip for families and rockhounds. The kirkuk oil field is one of the giant oilfields and the second largest iraqi field with an estimated 38, 045 mmbo million barrel of oil of oil in place reserves alrawi, 2015. The kirkuk oil field is located to the northnorthwest of kirkuk city figure 1.
Structures of the kirkuk embayment, northern iraq geoscienceworld. Defining zagros structural domains in the kurdistan region. The engineering geology field manual forms the basis for the mutually beneficial exchange of ideas by geologists and engineers. Before 2014, iraq baghdad produced most of the oil in the north, mainly at the kirkuk field avana and baba domes and the bai hassan field.
Geological surveying geology is composed of many subdisciplines table 1, each with its own specialist techniques and field rationale. The central portion of iraq is the mesopotamian foredeep, an area of relatively deepwater deposition in the mesozoic and cenozoic that formed in front of, and which is less deformed than, the zagros foldbelt figure 6. The oilfield was brought into production by the iraq petroleum company ipc in 1934 when 12inch pipelines from kirkuk to haifa and tripoli lebanon were completed. Rite in the rain bound books are manufactured with true outdoordurable components. Iraqi ministry of defense for ensuring the safety in field work and oil sampling despite the unsafe. However, after the closure of the iraqturkey pipeline closed in march 2014 and the baiji refinery closed in june 2014, northern production lacked access to export markets. Petroleum systems of the tethyan region, 2014 pages 379467 chapter 12. Ultimate recovery from the giant fields of iraq is estimated to be 85 boe. After wiley reverted the publishing rights, i decided to convert geology in the field into an ebook to make it available quickly and at a reasonable price. For this study, oil samples from the jeribe formation at jambur oilfield, oligocene baba formation at baba dome kirkuk field and late. Kirkuk figures 8 and 9, the second largest iraqi field with 17 boe, is in northern iraq and the zagros province. Old alluvial fan relics in north and northeast iraq diva portal. Virtual field trip guides geosciences libguides at.
Experienced geologists will find useful reminders and new procedures and special tech niques, while less experienced engineering geologists and. Pdf several anticlines in northern iraq and syria have been. The midturonianearly campanian succession has been studied in different regions of iraq. Structural sketch map of kirkuk field, northern iraq after dunnington, 1958. Oligocene reservoirs in the kirkuk field are interpreted to have been deposited in basinal, backreef and forereef environments with the latter having porosities above 20% and permeabilities up to 1,000 md. Field geology i hometown gis, part 1 october 03, 2005 lab exercise 2. They also include the plotting of the orientation of such structural features as faults, joints, cleavage. Basin analysis of cretaceous to tertiary selected wells in kirkuk and bai hassan oil fields, kirkuk, northern iraq. Record of khurmala formation late paleoceneearly eocene in the sulaimani governorate, kurdistan region, northeast iraq. Kent and hickman 1997 extrapolated their detailed study of jabal abd al aziz using surface geology obtained from field mapping and published geologic maps. The first, the kirkuk tertiary reservoir, is the largest producing reservoir in kirkuk and comprises 98% of kirkuk s recoverable reserves.
The ebook is now available for purchase as a pdf amazon kindle ebook or as a. The main economic potential is the existing oil fields, sulphur. Pdf basin analysis of cretaceous to tertiary selected. Field geologists thus attempt to describe and explain surface features, underground structures, and their interrelationships. Geology of the arabian peninsula southwestern iraq by k. Iraq, within sulaimaniyah, erbil, kirkuk and diyala governorates, covering considerable. Geographical distribution of iraqi oil fields and its. Gis in an overview of iraq petroleum geology search and discovery. Microfacies and depositional environment of bajawan and.
The first, the kirkuk tertiary reservoir, is the largest producing reservoir in kirkuk and comprises 98% of kirkuks recoverable reserves. Kamal haji karim, hyam saleh daoud and abdulla rashid husein kuradawy. Kirkuk field reservoirs so highly fractured and wellconnected that pressure drops over the field 100km long structure instantaneous however, other fields exhibit differential fracturing, and well productivity is far more heterogeneous masjedesulaiman, iran. It has been under the control of the kurdistan regional government krg since 2007. Basin analysis of cretaceous to tertiary selected wells in kirkuk and. The oligocene kirkuk group forms the main productive interval in the baba and avanah domes of the kirkuk field. It was discovered by the turkish petroleum company at baba gurgur in 1927. They are accompanied by the other illustrations in pdf format, with appropriate links.
The naming of the files is tricky purely numeric, so keep track of which is the roads and which is the elevation data. The kirkuk group, which hosts the large kirk oil field, deposited during these transgressionregression cycles in the oligocene. Solid bitumen, bituminite and thermal maturity of the. The lower miocene jeribe formation in northern and ne iraq is composed principally of dolomitic limestones with typical porosity in the range of 1024% and mean permeability of 30 md. This giant field, managed by different operators and at the centre of a very troubled and much fought over region, has silently suffered a great deal of reservoir damage. This interval consists of a series of extensively fractured limestones, some porcelaneous and some dolomitized. Iraq has prioritized repairing parts of the pipeline that connect the northern field to the baiji refinery. Kirkuk iraq 1927 16 gashsaran iran 1928 1215 abqaiq saudi arabia 1941 1015 ahwaz iran 1958 15 marun iran 1963 1214 samotlor russia 1961 614 agha jari iran 1937 614 zuluf saudi arabia 1965 1214 prudhoe bay alaska 1969 field country discovery year ultimate recoverable reserves gb kashagan kazakhstan 2000 79.
Aapg memoir, giant oil and gas fields of the decade 19901999. The geology of iraq and kurdistan cannot be understandable without the field observation of. The engineering geology field manual, in conjunction with the engineering geology office manual, forms the basis for the mutually beneficial exchange of ideas by reclamation geologists. In turn, these are strongly influenced by its history, both recent and more distant. The fatha and ghar formations appeared in the middle miocene, with recurring lagoon conditions, before the. The khurmala dome is the northern section of the kirkuk field and is located 35 kilometres southwest of erbil, the capital of the kurdistan region of iraq. Experienced geologists will find useful reminders, new procedures, and special techniques, while less experienced engineering geologists and those from other disciplines can use the manual to expand their. Robert comptons classic field guide to geological mapping is now available as a pdf ebook. Discovered in 1927, it is the 17th largest field 8th largest oil field in the world.
The tertiary carbonate rocks of the kirkuk oil field in iraq have been subdivided into 18 major lithologic facies. Midturonianearly campanian sequence stratigraphy of. This means that oil reserves in kirkuk represent about 12% of total reserves, broken down at 7. The khassa chai tributary is 143km passing through kirkuk city. The petroleum geology of iraq is a wellresearched, informative and detailed book, compiled by experts, which will be of great assistance to anyone interested in petroleum exploration in this important region, and i would like to congratulate the authors for this tremendous effort. The course provides students with 1 an introduction to the geologic history of western north america, with particular emphasis on our field camp location and 2 an introduction to both digital and traditional techniques of geological field study. The structural conditions of the kirkuk oilfield, iraq, the science of petroleum, i, sect.
Carey encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 2. It should be pointed out that production at the kirkuk field started in 1934 and its accumulated production until now has attained 62% of the original reserves existing in the field. That means that kurdistans currently known oil reserves represent about 3% of the total. Department of geology, college of science, university of baghdad, po box 47062, jadriyah, iraq.
Order code rs21626 updated april, 2005 crs report for. Robert hall who allowed me access to the computing facilities. Those engaged in field geology investigate rocks and rock materials in their natural environment. Field geology encyclopedia of life support systems. This pipeline was damaged by is in 2014 and was unusable until june 2018. Peavine peak geology, plants, and mining history pdf a field trip for families and rockhounds. Suttner, department of geological sciences, indiana university independent problemsolving is the foundation of the selfconfidence one derives from studying geology in the field. Field geology books waterproof pens field book covers.
Minerals hardness 1gypsum, 2halite mineral 1 is harder or softer than a penny. In 1962 he published manual of field geology, which soon became a classic. There are more than 100 oil and gas fields in iraq, containing more than 7 billion barrels of recoverable oil and more than 106 tcf of recoverable gas. The kirkuk oil field was discovered in 1927 and is the 8th largest oilfield in the world gong et al. It has ever since remained the most important part of northern iraqi oil production with over 10.
As of july 2018, the restored pipeline had a capacity of 40,000 barrels per day bd and transports kirkuk oil to the 140,000 bd daura refinery via baiji. Fractured carbonate reservoirs a geological point of view. This article summarizes the geohistory of bai hassan and kirkuk oil fields at five oil. Kirkuk field and late cretaceous tanuma and khasib formations at east baghdad field were analysed in order to investigate their genetic relationships. After my father died in 2015 i was determined to revive his classic field manual which had gone out of print. As the term implies, field geology means field work, geology as practiced by direct observation of outcrops, exposures, landscapes, and drill cores. Most of theses studies, particularly for north iraq, generally addressed lithological, palaeontological and environmental interpretations, and the correlation of rock units within iraq and to adjacent countries figure 2. The jeribe and serikagni formations and the dhiban anhydrite mark continued transgressions into the miocene. In 1985 he published a revised manual geology in the field that continued to serve as the definitive guide to geological mapping. Pdf basin analysis geohistory is carried out on the cretaceous to tertiary succession. Deposition and chemical diagenesis of tertiary carbonates, kirkuk oil field, iraq. Kirkuk are in motion, doesnt this mean that smaller discoveries in the south of iraq and exploration in kurdistan will simply take their place in a conventional queue. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view.
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